本帖最后由 牛先生 于 2012-9-12 09:33 编辑
FOREWORD
前 言
This standard provodes minimum requirements for the design and construction of installations for the storage and handling of liquiefied petroleum gas (LPG) at marine and pipeline terminals, natural gas processing plants, refineries, petrochemical plants, and tank farms.This standard takes into consideration the specialized training and experience of operating personnel in the type of installation discussed. In certain instances, exception to standard practices are noted and alternative methods are described.
本标准对海上终端和管道末站、天然气处理装置、炼油厂、石油化工装置和油罐区的LPG储存处理装置的设计和建造提出了最低的要求。这一标准规定了从事这类装置的操作人员要进行专门的培训并富有这方面的经验。在某些情况下，注明了几种例外的标准作法作并对几种可供选择的方法进行了叙述。
This standard does not include informatiom on the production or use of liquefied pertroleum gas.
这一标准不包括生产或使用液化石油气的有关信息。
It is not intended that this standard be retroactive or that it take precedence over contractual agreements. Wherever practicable, existing codes and manuals have been used in the preparatuin of this standard.
本标准具有追溯效力或优先于合同并非都是有意的。在可适用的任何地方，在编制本标准的过程中，可以使用现有的规范和操作手册。
This standard requires the purchaser to specify certain details and features. Although it is recognized that the purchaser may desire to modify, delete, or amplify sections of the standard, it is strongly recommended that such modifications,deletions, and amplifications be made by supplementing this standard rather than by rewritting or incorporating sections of this standard into another complete standard.
本标准要求买方确定具体的细节和特性。虽然考虑到买方可能希望修改、删除或充实标准的有关章节，但有人建议，补充这一标准而不是重写或将这一标准的有关章节插入另一个完整标准可以作相应的修改、删除和充实。
API standards are published as an aid to procurement of standardized equipment and materials. These standards are not intended to inhibit purchasers or producers from purchasing or producing products made to specifications other than those of API.
美国石油学会(API)出版各种标准,目的是帮助购买标准化的设备和材料。这些标准无意禁止买方或厂商购买或生产符合其它规范的产品。
API publictions may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort
has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliablity of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publicatin and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict.
API规范可供愿意执行本规范的任何人使用。本学会已作了极大的努力保证规范中所用数据的准确性和可靠性。但是，API不作与其任何规范出版的有关代理，保证或担保，并特此明确表示，对因使用这些规范而造成的损失或损害，对可能违反联邦的、州的或市的规定（API规范可能与之相抵触），本学会拒绝承担任何义务和责任。
Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the standardization manager, American Petroleum Institute, 1220L Street,N.W.Washington,D.C.20005.
欢迎对修改的版本提出意见并请提交给美国石油学会的标准化经理，通令地址：华盛顿特区20005，N.W.街1220L。
CONTENTS
目录
Page页数
1 SCOPE
1 范围 ……………………………………………………………………… 11
1.6 Retroactivity
1.6 追溯效力性 ………………………………………………………… 12
1.7 Characteristics of LPG
1.7 LPG的特性 ………………………………………………………… 12
1.8 Safety
1.8 安全性…………………………............................................................12
2 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS
2 参考的出版物 ………………………………………………....................12
3 TERMS AND DEFINITION
3 术语和定义……………………………………………………………... 16
4 DESIGN OF LPG VESSELS
4 LPG容器的设计…………………….........................................................18
4.1 Applicble Design Construction Code
4.1 适用的设计建造标准………………………………...............................18
4.2 Design Pressure and Temperature
4.2 设计压力和温度…...................................................................................18
4.3 Design Vaccum
4.3 设计真空度…………………………………………………………… 19
4.4 Materials of Construction
4.4建造材料………………………………………………………………..20
4.5 Vessel Connections
4.5 容器连接………………………………………………………………20
4.6 Previously Constructed Vessels
4.6 先前建造的容器……............................................................................20
5 SITTING REQUIREMENTS AND SPILL CONTAINMENT
5 建造地点定位的要求和溢出保护………...............................................20
5.1 Siting
5.1 建造地点定位…………………….......................................................20
5.2 Drainage
5.2 排水系统……………………………..................................................26
5.3 Spill Containment
5.3溢出保护………………………………..............................................26
5.4 Remote Impoundment
5.4 遥控蓄水…………….........................................................................................27
5.5 Diking
5.5 防火堤……………………….............................................................................28
6 FOUNDATIONS AND SUPPORTS FOR LPG STORAGE VESSELS AND RELATED PIPING
6 LPG贮存容器和相关管道的基础和支架………………………………………30
6.1 Applicable Codes and Specifications
6.1 适用的标准和规范…………………………………………………………….30
6.2 Special Requirements
6.2 具体要求……………………………………………………….........................31
7 TANK ACCERSSORIES, INCLUDING PRESSURE AND VACUUM-
RELIEVING DEVICES
7 储罐辅助设备和真空泄放设备…………………………………………………37
7.1 Mandatory Equipment
7.1 强制性的设备………………………………………………………………37
7.2 Tank Accessory Materials
7.2 储罐辅助设备的材料………………………………………………………43
8 PIPING REQUIREMENTS
8 管道要求………………………………………………………………………..44
8.1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers Code for Pressure Piping
8.1 美国机械工程师协会的压力管道标准……………………………………44
8.2 LPG Piping
8.2 LPG管道…………………………………………………………………...44
8.3 Fittings
8.3 管件………………………………………………………………………...46
8.4 Plugs
8.4 管塞……………………………………………………………...................47
8.5 Unions
8.5 由壬………...................................................................................................47
8.6 Valves
8.6 阀………………….......................................................................................47
8.7 Location, Installation, and Flexiblity of piping, Valves, and Fittings
8.7 定位、安装和管道、阀及管件的适应性…………………………………48
9. LOADING, PRODUCT TRANSFER, AND UNIOADING FACILITIES
9 产品的装载、输送和卸载装置………………………………………………..50
9.1 Scope
9.1 范围………………………………………………………….......................50
9.2 Rates of Loading and Unloading
9.2 装卸量…………………………………………………..............................50
9.3 Transfer, Loading, and unloading Equipment
9.3 输送、装卸设备………………………………..........................................51
9.4 Grounding and bonding
9.4 接地和接地线………………………………………..................................54
9.5 Hose and Other Flexible Connectors for Product Transfer
9.5 产品输送软管和其它挠性接头………………………………..................55
9.6 Blowdown or Venting of Loading and Unloading Lines
9.6 装卸管线的放空或通风……………………………………………..........56
9.7 Marking of Valves in Loading and Unloading Systems
9.7 装卸系统上的阀标记……………………………………………………..56
9.8 Metering Equipment Used in Loading and Unloading
9.8 装卸系统上所用的计量装置……………………………………………..57
9.9 LPG Odorization
9.9 LPG添味………………………………....................................................57
10 FIRE PROTEDTION
10 消防………………………………………………………………………….57
10.1 General
10.1 总则…………………….........................................................................57
10.2 Access for Fire Fighting
10.2 消防入口……….....................................................................................58
10.3 Fire Water Use
10.3 消防用水……………………………………………………................58
10.4 Fire Detection Systems
10.4 火灾探测系统…………………………………………………………64
10.5 Fire Extinguishers
10.5 灭火器…………………………………………………………………65
10.6 Fire-Fighting Foam
10.6 灭火泡沫……………………………………........................................65
10.7 Fireproofing of LPG Vessels
10.7 LPG容器的耐火材料…………………...............................................65
10.8 Fireproofing of Structural Supports
10.8 支撑结构的耐火材料…………………………...................................66
10.9 Burying and Mounding
10.9 盖土和土堤…………..........................................................................68
10.10 Electrical Installations and Equipment
10.10 电气安装和设备……………………………………………….......68
10.11 Critical Wiring and Control Systems
10.11 临界布线和控制系统……………………………………................68
10.12 Safety Precaution Signs
10.12 安全注意标识……………….............................................................69
10.13 Lighting
10.13 照明……............................................................................................69
10.14 Fencing
10.14 围墙 ………………………………………….................................69
10.15 Roadways
10.15 道路………………...........................................................................69
11 REFRIGERATED STORAGE
11 冷冻贮储………………………………………………………...............70
11.1 General
11.1 概述……………………………………...........................................70
11.2 Design Requirements
11.2 设计要求…………………………………………….......................70
11.3 Siting Requirements
11.3 建造地点定位要求…………………………………………………72
11.4 Thermal Considerations
11.4 条件………………………………………………………................75
11.5 Tank Accessories
11.5 储罐辅助设备………………………………………........................75
11.6 Piping Requirements
11.6 管道要求……………………............................................................77
11.7 Refrigeration System
11.7 制冷系统……………………………………………………………78
APPENDIX A PIPING, VALVES, FITTING, AND OPTIONA EQUIPMENT
附件 A 管道、阀、管件和任选设备……………………………………..80
Table
1 Minimum Horizontal Distance Between Shell of Pressurized LPG Tank and Line of Adjoining Property That May Be Developed
表1 压缩LPG罐体与毗邻管线之间设计的最小水平距离。
正文
Design and Construction of LPG Installations
LPG装置的设计和建造
1 Scope
1 范围
This standard covers the design, construction, and location of liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)installations at marine and pipeline terminals, natural gas processing plants, refineries, petrochemical plants, or tank farms. This standard covers storage vessels, loading and unloading system, piping, or and related equipment.
本标准涉及海上终端和管道末站、天然气处理装置、炼油厂、石油化工装置或油罐区的液化天然气（LPG）装置的设计、建造和选址。
1.1 The size and type of the installation; the related facilities on the site; the commercial, industrial, and residential population density in the surrounding area; the terrain and climate conditions; and the type of LPG handled shall be considered. Generally speaking, the larger the installation and the greater the population density of the surrounding area, the more stringent are the design requirements.
1.1 要考虑到装置的尺寸和类型；现场的相关设施；周围区域内的商业、工业以及居民的密度；地形和气候条件和LPG的装卸类型。一般地来说，装置规模越大和周围区域的居民密度越集中，装置的设计要求就越高。
1.2 Design and construction considreations peculiar to refrigerated storage, including autorefrigerated storage, are covered in Section 9 of this standard.
1.2 冷冻贮储包
。。。。。。
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